Illuminate Your Vision: Guides to Choosing LEDs for Your Project

Growing plants under artificial lighting in closed and fully controlled environments is a method of growing use and global impact.

Industrial scale indoor agriculture could become the main factor that keeps at bay famine and related conflicts. With increasing population, diminishing area of agricultural land, pollution, global warming and migration to grow plants in a reliable, predictable and efficient way will become even more important in the future.

Basic science concepts related to Horticulture lighting

A key factor in the success of indoor plant growth is the efficiency of the lighting system in the process of inducing plant growth, compared with sunlight. 

To build a very efficient lighting system some basic scientific concepts should be known.

Plants grow via a process called Photosynthesis that converts electromagnetic radiation – light – into chemical energy used for growth and development. The other ingredients needed are carbon dioxide (CO2), nutrients and water. The process itself is not particularly efficient, with only 4 to 6 percent of the absorbed radiation converted into chemical energy, but this is the engine that drives most life on the planet.

Photosynthesis and PAR radiation

The electromagnetic radiation required for Photosynthesis is defined as Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), with the spectral range of 400 to 700 nanometers. Only radiation in the above interval can be used by photosynthetic organisms in the process of photosynthesis, to fix the carbon in CO2 into carbohydrates.

We should note that the electromagnetic radiation called visible light or simply light for a typical human eye has a spectral range from about 380 to 740 nanometers.

A common unit of measurement for Photosynthetically active radiation PAR is the photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), measured in units of moles per second. For many practical applications this unit is extended to PPFD, units of moles per second per square meter.

Growing plants in closed and fully controlled environments, under artificial lighting is method of growing popularity. There is also increasing competition to have results at a low cost and as fast as possible, thus the lighting system plays a crucial role.

Below you will find a quick guide how to build the most efficient lighting system.

1) Research, research

Understand what spectrum and intensity of light your plants need.

You can start by reading our detailed article about horticulture lighting here

2) Choose the right PPFD and light color for your plants

With the latest technology achievements, special or full spectrum white light LEDs are the most efficient and cost effective light sources for plant growth. With 3000K white color temperature you will have more pleasant looking plants while with 5000K you obtain faster growth.

With our Nichia 757 Rsp0a LEDs with white light for special spectrum for plant growth or full spectrum Nichia Optisolis CRI98 LEDs your plants will grow up to 50% more than conventional light, including standard white LEDs, a combination of red and blue LEDs or a fluorescent tube, for lower energy consumption.

LED backlighting is a popular and versatile lighting solution that can be used in various applications, from linear lighting fixtures to luminous ceilings and illuminated signs. Achieving the perfect balance of total luminous flux and individual LED visibility is crucial for successful implementation. This article delves into the essential aspects of selecting and positioning LEDs for backlighting applications, ensuring optimal performance while meeting project requirements.

Understanding the Basics of LED Backlighting

LED backlighting involves placing light-emitting diodes (LEDs) behind a diffuse cover to create uniform and visually appealing illumination. Common applications include:

1. Linear lighting fixtures: LED strips or tubes used for accent, task, or general lighting in residential or commercial spaces.
2. Luminous ceilings: Large, uniformly lit surfaces that create a sense of spaciousness and enhance the aesthetics of interiors.
3. Illuminated signs: LED backlighting is used to create vibrant and eye-catching signs for branding, advertising, or wayfinding.

Effective and cost efficient disinfection or sterilizing of surfaces, water and objects has become of huge importance. The current COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic made this extremely clear. It created a extreme buying spree for everything that can be used in fighting it.  Never before seen shortages of disinfectants, surgical masks, gloves, ventilators and more, happen all across the globe.

The situation is made worse by the fact that many of the materials used for sterilisation are single use and have to be disposed afterwards. More have to constantly produced, exacerbating supply issues. It is time for a more efficient way of killing virus and bacteria, it is time for disinfection with UV light.

Using ultraviolet (UV) light to disinfect or sterilize¹ has actually been embraced by some hospitals since years, by using large, industrial-grade machines to kill microorganisms (including COVID-19) in hospital rooms or on furniture, objects, clothing or instruments. However, such machines are prohibitively expensive for private or business use, as a mobile platform with UV lamps can cost more than 60.000 USD². They are also dangerous for people and have to be used only in empty rooms.

With the current advance in UV LED lighting technology, smaller versions of safe to use UV disinfection lamps can now be available to consumers and companies looking to clean pretty much everything, from office spaces, elevators and living rooms, to phones, computers and even toilet seats.

Widespread use of UV light to fight virus and bacteria can now happen with the technology of continuous disinfection with low intensity UVA light from lighting emitting diodes (LEDs).

In the modern workplace, lighting transcends its basic function of visibility; it plays a pivotal role in influencing employee well-being, productivity, and overall satisfaction. As organizations strive to create environments that foster efficiency and comfort, understanding the nuances of office lighting becomes essential.

The Science of Light in the Workplace

Light impacts our circadian rhythms, mood, and cognitive functions. Inadequate or improper lighting can lead to eye strain, fatigue, and decreased concentration, while well-designed lighting can enhance alertness and performance. According to the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES), appropriate lighting levels vary depending on the task and environment, emphasizing the need for tailored lighting solutions

Recommended Illuminance Levels

Illuminance, measured in lux, quantifies the amount of light falling on a surface. The IES provides the following guidelines for office environments: 

• General Office Work: 300–500 lux
• Detailed Tasks (e.g., drafting, technical drawing): 750–1,000 lux 
• Conference Rooms: 300–500 lux, with adjustable lighting for presentations 
• Reception Areas: 200–300 lux 
• Corridors and Stairwells: 100–200 lux 
• Storage Rooms: 100–200 lux

Linear light fixtures are the recommended way to light up working spaces. The recommended light levels for different types of work spaces and the corresponding luminous flux of the linear fixture are detailed below:

Factors Influencing Lighting Needs

Task Complexity: Tasks requiring fine detail or prolonged focus necessitate higher illuminance levels to reduce eye strain and maintain accuracy. 

Age of Occupants: As individuals age, their eyes require more light to perform the same tasks. A 60-year-old may need up to twice as much light as a 20-year-old, highlighting the importance of adjustable lighting solutions. 

Natural Light Integration: Incorporating daylight can enhance mood and reduce energy consumption. However, it’s crucial to manage glare and ensure consistent lighting levels throughout the workspace.

Office Layout and Surface Reflectance: The arrangement of workstations and the color of walls and furniture affect light distribution. Lighter surfaces reflect more light, potentially reducing the need for artificial lighting. 

Strategies for Effective Office Lighting

Use of LED Technology: LEDs offer energy efficiency, longevity, and the ability to fine-tune color temperature and brightness, making them ideal for office settings. LED strips or linear LED fixtures are the recommended lighting systems for effective office lighting. 

Layered Lighting Approach: Implement a combination of ambient, task, and accent lighting to create a balanced and flexible lighting environment.

Personal Control: Providing employees with control over their immediate lighting conditions can enhance comfort and productivity. 

Regular Maintenance: Ensure that lighting fixtures are clean and functioning correctly to maintain optimal light levels.

Optimal office lighting is a blend of science and design, tailored to the specific needs of tasks and occupants. By adhering to recommended illuminance levels and considering factors such as task complexity, occupant age, and natural light integration, organizations can create environments that not only illuminate but also inspire.

LED Strips & Modules for office lighting, made in Germany with the latest technology

Our cutting-edge, high quality, and top-performance LED solutions can be customized online to perfectly match office lighting requirements.

LED Strips for arhitectural lighting, up to 2000 lumens per meter (600lm per foot)

The 3-channel LumiBar can create dynamic lighting effects with white or color Nichia LEDs, suitable for ambient lighting. With the MultiBar LED system, installation is made easy and very affordable, thanks to the plug & play system. 

LumiBar Multi-Color

LUMIBAR MULTICOLOR LED STRIP

112 x Nichia 757 LED, up to 2000 lm / channel

280x20 mm LED strip

White & Color LEDs

 24V Constant Voltage

CUSTOMIZE & BUY

MultiBar

MULTIBAR 24 LED STRIPS

Up to 2000 lm/m from Nichia 757 Series LEDs
500x10 mm LED strip, Plug & Play System
White LEDs 1800-7800K, CRI80-99
24V Constant Voltage

CUSTOMIZE & BUY

Linear LED Strips & Modules for general lighting, up to 4000 lumens per meter or 1200 lm/foot

Our range of customizable MultiBar or LumiFlex LED strips feature Nichia LEDs that deliver the higher light output required for general lighting.

MultiBar

MULTIBAR 44 LED STRIPS

Up to 3000 lm/m from Nichia 757 Series LEDs

500x10 mm Rigid LED strip

White LEDs 1800-7800K, CRI80-99

24V Constant Voltage

CUSTOMIZE & BUY

LumiFlex

LUMIFLEX FLEXIBLE LED STRIPS

Up to 4000 lm/m from Nichia 757 Series LEDs

White 1800-7800K, CRI80-99

12/24/48V Constant Voltage

Optional IP67 Waterproof System

CUSTOMIZE & BUY

LED Strips for Commercial Lighting, up to 10000 lumens per meter (3000 lm/foot)

The MaxLine or LumiBar LED strips feature tightly spaced Nichia LEDs that provide a very high luminous flux for task oriented office lighting.

MaxLine

MAXLINE PLUG & PLAY LED STRIPS

Up to 10000 lm/m from Nichia 757 Series LEDs

280x16 mm LED strip

White LEDs 1800-7800K, CRI80-99

Constant Current & 24V Constant Voltage

CUSTOMIZE & BUY

LumiBar

LUMIBAR ZHAGA BOOK 7 LED STRIPS

Up to 10000 lm/m from Nichia 757 Series LEDs

Many sizes and LED densities available

Flexible & Rigid PCB options

Constant Current design for maximum efficacy

CUSTOMIZE & BUY

Read more about recommended lighting levels for the home in our blog article.

This article is intended as a guide for those who are considering purchasing UVC disinfection equipment in 2021. These tips should only be considered as suggestions.

Attention buyers! - There are few recognized standards for equipment designed for UVC disinfection of air and/or surfaces. As a result, there are many advertisements and promotions claiming amazing performance with little or no scientific support.

• Ask the seller for copies of scientific papers that prove that his device actually works as he claims. The scientific work(s) should show the actual reduction of a test micro-organism in the environment in which the device is intended to work. 

• Does the product have suitable built-in UV safety sensors for automatic shutdown or does safe operation depend entirely on the operator?
• Does the device comply with NIOSH, UL, IEEE and related safety standards in the country of sale?
• Does the unit emit/generate ozone? If so, does it meet NIOSH requirements. How is the ozone attenuated? (We recommend avoiding ozone equipment, as it poses a safety risk to operators, unless ozone is specifically part of the treatment process and is used in a controlled and safe manner)?
• Is the device used to disinfect medical devices? If so, is it compliant with the requirements of the regulatory body in the EU, USA or country of sale?

• If the device is a UV rod that is used to disinfect a surface (e.g. a worktop or an envelope)

The technical specifications should state the UVC irradiance at a fixed distance from the UV front of the device (e.g. 10 mW/cm² at 2 cm).

The UV dose (irradiance multiplied by exposure time in seconds) should be at least 20-40 mJ/cm² to inactivate viruses on perfectly flat and ideal surfaces (details in this article). Thus, if the irradiance at the target surface is 10 mW/cm², the exposure time should be 2-4 seconds. However, the presence of microscopic gaps on flat surfaces can inhibit disinfection, and disinfection on other materials, such as cloths, may require completely different doses. For example, disinfection of viruses on medical masks may require doses as high as 1000 mJ/cm^2. This is a subject that is currently being researched and our current understanding changes almost daily.

With any UV device, you must NOT look at the UV light or expose your hands from the UV side. UV light is a source of skin burns/cancer and can quickly damage the eyes.

Remember that UV disinfection is based on a "line of sight" between the UV lamp and the target surface. If the UV rays are shaded by texture elements on the surface, the shaded areas may receive much less UV light or no light at all. Disinfection effectiveness is therefore determined by the UV dose to which these areas are exposed.

Like any disinfection system, UVC equipment must be used properly to be safe.

They all generate different amounts of UVC light in wavelengths from 200 - 280 nm. UVC light is much more energetic than normal sunlight and can cause a severe, sunburn-like reaction on your skin and could also damage the retina of your eye when exposed.
Some devices also produce ozone as part of their cycle, others produce light and heat like an arc welder, and still others move during their cycles. In general, all disinfection devices must therefore take into account the safety of both man and machine.

These considerations should be taken into account in the operating manual, in user training and in compliance with appropriate safety regulations.